Shaheed Minar

The Shaheed Minar is a national monument in Dhaka, Bangladesh, built to commemorate the martyrs of the Bengali Language Movement of 1952. The monument symbolizes the struggle for linguistic and cultural rights and is a central site for observances on International Mother Language Day (21 February).

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History

• The original Shaheed Minar was constructed immediately after 21 February 1952, following the killing of students who protested for the recognition of Bengali as a state language.
• The monument was destroyed in 1971 during the Bangladesh Liberation War by the Pakistan Army.
• After Bangladesh gained independence, a new Shaheed Minar was constructed in 1972–1973, designed by architect Hamidur Rahman and symbolizing the resilience of the Bengali people.

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Design

• The Shaheed Minar features vertical columns of varying heights representing the martyrs of the Language Movement.
• The central column is flanked by smaller columns, representing the unity and sacrifice of students and activists.
• Wreaths of flowers are placed at the base during annual commemorations, and it serves as a site for prayers, speeches, and cultural events.

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Significance

• Cultural Symbol: Represents the struggle for linguistic and cultural identity in Bangladesh.
• National Observances: Serves as the focal point for Ekushey February ceremonies every 21 February.
• Educational Value: The monument is a site for students, historians, and visitors to learn about the Bengali Language Movement and the sacrifices made for language rights.

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International Recognition

• The Shaheed Minar is closely associated with International Mother Language Day, recognized by UNESCO in 1999, emphasizing the protection and promotion of linguistic diversity worldwide.

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Locations

• Dhaka Shaheed Minar: The most famous monument, located near Dhaka Medical College.
• Other cities in Bangladesh, including Chittagong, Sylhet, Rajshahi, and Comilla, also have replicas of the Shaheed Minar.
• Educational institutions, both in Bangladesh and abroad, erect miniature Shaheed Minars for observances on 21 February.

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Annual Observance

• 21 February (Ekushey February): People gather at Shaheed Minar monuments across Bangladesh to lay floral wreaths, observe moments of silence, and participate in cultural events.
• The day emphasizes linguistic pride, cultural heritage, and remembrance of the martyrs.

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See Also

• Bengali Language Movement
• International Mother Language Day
• Bangladesh Liberation War
• Sheikh Mujibur Rahman
• Ekushey Book Fair